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This article presents the development of the latest Durethan and Ultramid grades, the latest developments in the polyamide product lines of two leading companies, Lanxess and BASF. With continuous development, the substitution of metals by polyamides is expanding.
Compounding requires a series of tests to ensure the quality of the final product, the speed, accuracy and cost-effectiveness of which are key to the efficiency of production. The most important tests are the identification of the raw material, the chemical and physical properties - mainly thermo-physical - and their interaction with additives, and these are now closely linked to the environmental effects, in particular degradation.
Furthermore, when a moulding tool is handed over, during its storage, transport, use and maintenance, a tool logbook is required in which all the information relating to the tool is stored. In the transition to digitisation of production, it is advisable to store this information in a digital format, fixed to the tool and easily accessible. In plants without a gantry cutter or for other reasons, tool loading trolleys are used. For sliding in tight spaces or in different directions, a special moving table with rows of ball rollers may be the solution.
In extruders, injection moulding machines and hollow-body blowing equipment, wear on the screw and/or roller reduces the economy of production and the quality of the products. Beyond a critical point, their replacement becomes necessary, which, without proper forecasting, leads to unplanned downtime and significant production losses.
Foam sheets can be produced from almost all plastics, offering significant weight reduction, but also shock absorption and excellent thermal and sound insulation. The heat resistance and other specific properties of foams and thus their application potential are determined by the properties of the polymer being foamed on the different surfaces. Manufacturers are coming up with new types on the market to meet the needs of users.
Demand for construction products continues to grow, and plastics processors involved in profile extrusion are looking to expand capacity. The question is whether this should be done with several lines producing one profile or with two lines producing two profiles at the same time.
Plastic pipes used in utility networks have been designed to meet a wide range of requirements over their long life (usually 50 years). The documentation in the US may also be applicable to other countries. New instrumentation has been developed to control and monitor the extrusion process.
Recently, 3D printing has been increasingly shifting towards small and medium series production, but recent developments will also enable large series production. EOS GmbH's new SLS process can produce products at ten times the speed of conventional equipment. A common demand for 3D printer manufacturers is to launch open systems capable of processing products from multiple material manufacturers.
Graham Packaging Holding Co. (York, Pennsylvania, USA) has developed a bottle manufacturing process that uses continuous or discontinuous vertical ribs to reinforce the solids barrier of bottles, making them lighter and cheaper. The process is used in the extrusion paint industry and is recommended primarily for the production of larger bottles/canisters with handles and non-circular cross-sections.
The use of plastic components in the automotive industry is steadily increasing. Their role is primarily to reduce the weight of components, including structural parts, by replacing metals. Weight reduction is a major challenge for electric cars. The battery-batteries make these cars 15% heavier, despite the fact that many components are redundant.
As of 25 May 2020, all EU Member States are required to comply with the new EU Medical Device Regulation (MRD) 2017/745, which aims to increase the safety of patient care and reduce the risks of medical treatments. Small and medium sized companies are unlikely to be able to comply with all the requirements of the MRD on their own, but will probably need to partner with a large medical device company.
According to a study on flat roof insulation systems published by Applied Marketing Information (AMI), usage fell sharply in early 2020, but by the end of the year it had almost reached 2019 levels. This was mainly due to the strengthening of the German market. The market share of European countries is shown in Table 1. The choice of plastic films has so far been primarily based on long life, but more recently ease of installation has also become an important consideration.
A crackdown on single-use plastics has been launched. In oceans, rivers and formerly romantic landscapes, mountains of disgusting rubbish float or stand. Even though the plastics people know that it is not the plastic but man who is to blame, they are forced to accept that some of the most convenient and hygienic products have to be abandoned and that less convenient but less littering solutions for consumers have to be found. New EU directives to phase out or eventually ban single-use plastic products have accelerated this process. Below, we present the Directives and give an overview of how Member States are approaching this latest exercise in their homework.
For the second year running, a pandemic caused by a virus that has brought the world to its knees has wreaked havoc on weed and has not spared plastic processors. Responses to questionnaires sent to hundreds of companies by a Canadian market research company revealed that the industry's main problem was uncertain, often delayed, shipments from overseas suppliers. As a result, the US has already begun to repatriate production that had previously been relocated to a distant country. Injection moulding tool manufacturers are also racing against time.
Kuse, the advocacy group for public industrial research institutions, has stressed the importance of creating a sustainable circular economy. To this end, a new conceptual processing of plastic materials must be created by eliminating waste and the continuous exploitation of resources. Examples of product developments in this direction are presented below.